The Pair of Conjunctions "因为...，所以..." (yīnwèi..., suǒyǐ...)

In Mandarin Chinese, the pair of conjunctions "因为...，所以..." (yīnwèi..., suǒyǐ...) is used to express cause and effect. The conjunction "因为" (yīnwèi) introduces the reason or cause, while "所以" (suǒyǐ) introduces the result or consequence.

Usage:

• Cause: "因为" is used to introduce the reason or cause of a situation or action.
  • 我没去工作，因为 我生病了。(Wǒ méi qù gōngzuò, yīnwèi wǒ shēngbìng le.) - I didn't go to work because I got sick.
• Effect: "所以" is used to introduce the result or consequence of the cause mentioned.
  • 我生病了，所以 我没去工作。(Wǒ shēngbìng le, suǒyǐ wǒ méi qù gōngzuò.) - I got sick, so I didn't go to work.

Examples:

• 她很累，因为 她昨天晚上没睡好。所以 她今天早上迟到了。(Tā hěn lèi, yīnwèi tā zuótiān wǎnshàng méi shuì hǎo. Suǒyǐ tā jīntiān zǎoshang chídào le.) - She's very tired because she didn't sleep well last night. So she was late this morning.
• 他很开心，因为 他考试考得很好。所以 他得到了一个奖励。(Tā hěn kāixīn, yīnwèi tā kǎoshì kǎo dé hěn hǎo. Suǒyǐ tā dédào le yīgè jiǎnglì.) - He's very happy because he did very well on the exam. So he got a reward.

Additional Notes:

• These conjunctions are often used together to link a cause and its effect in a sentence.
• The order of the clauses can sometimes be reversed without changing the meaning of the sentence.